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<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>Now y'all don't be bogarting those
joints.</FONT></DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2></FONT> </DIV>
<DIV><FONT face=Arial size=2>-M</FONT></DIV>
<DIV> </DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE dir=ltr
style="PADDING-RIGHT: 0px; PADDING-LEFT: 5px; MARGIN-LEFT: 5px; BORDER-LEFT: #000000 2px solid; MARGIN-RIGHT: 0px">
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial">----- Original Message ----- </DIV>
<DIV
style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; FONT: 10pt arial; font-color: black"><B>From:</B>
<A title=dentdoc007@bellsouth.net
href="mailto:dentdoc007@bellsouth.net">Cameron Smith</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>To:</B> <A title=discussion@nsrca.org
href="mailto:discussion@nsrca.org">discussion@nsrca.org</A> </DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Sent:</B> Monday, January 17, 2005 1:42
PM</DIV>
<DIV style="FONT: 10pt arial"><B>Subject:</B> RE: epoxy joint</DIV>
<DIV><BR></DIV>
<DIV class=Section1>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT id=role_document face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">I want to hear about
the Hawaiian Locals!!!<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal><FONT face=Arial color=navy size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: navy; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Tahoma size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; FONT-FAMILY: Tahoma">-----Original
Message-----<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">From:</SPAN></B> <A
href="mailto:discussion-request@nsrca.org">discussion-request@nsrca.org</A>
[mailto:discussion-request@nsrca.org] <B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">On
Behalf Of </SPAN></B><A
href="mailto:Rcmaster199@aol.com">Rcmaster199@aol.com</A><BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Sent:</SPAN></B> Monday, January 17, 2005 1:25
PM<BR><B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">To:</SPAN></B> <A
href="mailto:discussion@nsrca.org">discussion@nsrca.org</A><BR><B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">Subject:</SPAN></B> Re: epoxy
joint</SPAN></FONT></P>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face="Times New Roman"
size=3><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 12pt"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P>
<DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Interesting, Gray.
Would you also discuss some details about chopped filler (say 1/16" to 1/2"
chop length) and continuous strand filler? Also how material stiffness and
impact resistance are affected?<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">MattK<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">In a
message dated 1/17/2005 1:18:24 PM Eastern Standard Time,
amirneshati@earthlink.net writes:<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<BLOCKQUOTE
style="BORDER-RIGHT: medium none; PADDING-RIGHT: 0in; BORDER-TOP: medium none; MARGIN-TOP: 5pt; PADDING-LEFT: 4pt; MARGIN-BOTTOM: 5pt; PADDING-BOTTOM: 0in; MARGIN-LEFT: 3.75pt; BORDER-LEFT: blue 1.5pt solid; PADDING-TOP: 0in; BORDER-BOTTOM: medium none">
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">-----
Original Message ----- <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV style="font-color: black">
<P class=MsoNormal style="BACKGROUND: #e4e4e4; MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><FONT
face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">From:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT
face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <A
title=mailto:gfowler@raytheon.com href="mailto:gfowler@raytheon.com">Gray E
Fowler</A> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><FONT face=Arial
color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">To:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT
face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <A
title=mailto:discussion@nsrca.org
href="mailto:discussion@nsrca.org">discussion@nsrca.org</A>
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><FONT face=Arial
color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Sent:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT
face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> Monday, January
17, 2005 9:57 AM<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><B><FONT face=Arial
color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold; FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">Subject:</SPAN></FONT></B><FONT
face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> Re: epoxy
joint<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><o:p> </o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT
face=sans-serif color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">John,</SPAN></FONT><FONT
face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<BR><BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=sans-serif color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">I
do not understand what you mean composite horns/balsa.....but I do know a
thing about joints ( I once lived in Hawaii hanging out with the
locals).</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=sans-serif color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">Epoxy
is the "toughest" unfilled. By this I means in a seam joint the primary
stress will be flexing, and an unfilled epoxy can handle this the
best.</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=sans-serif color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">Milled
fibers are about 1/64" long. In a composite the fibers are far stronger than
the resin. The job of the resin is to flex a <B><SPAN
style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">little</SPAN></B> to enable stress to be
transferred from one fiber to another. The problem with milled fibers is
that as the transfer stress it is only for that 1/64 of a inch and then it
terminates creating a stress riser. The epoxy then fractures at the end of
that fiber at a stress level much lower than if the fiber was not there at
all. These type of fibers work great on thermoplastics which are much softer
and flexable, but not so great on thermosets. Milled fibers in an epoxy
will<B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold"> reduce</SPAN></B> elongation,
<B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">reduce</SPAN></B> tensile strength,
<B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">increase</SPAN></B> the heat distortion
temperature, <B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">increase</SPAN></B> hardness
and <B><SPAN style="FONT-WEIGHT: bold">increase</SPAN></B> compression
strength.</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<BR><BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT face=sans-serif color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">Microballoons
are not structural, they are used to reduce density. The volume is huge and
the balloons are weak therefore the mixture is weaker in every aspect. The
reality is though that a microballoon epoxy is still usually strong enough
for our applications. Add this to the fact that we are always striving for
weight reduction and you can determine the proper application.
</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"><BR><BR></SPAN></FONT><FONT
face=sans-serif color=black size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: sans-serif; mso-bidi-font-family: Arial">Filets
in general are useless other than for cosmetic reasons. On a properly
assembled bond joint the filet will never see stress until the load capacity
of the joint itself is exceed. At that point the joint breaks and
considering that the joint itself is orders of magnitude stronger than the
filet, the filet breaks instantly. Filets are dead weight, and usually more
dead weight than you think it is-but man they sure look GOOD when someone
inspects the inside of your plane-which in this hobby is second only to
winning the NATs (sorry-cannot always stop the sarcasm).
<BR><BR><BR><BR>Gray Fowler<BR>Principal Chemical
Engineer<BR>Composites Engineering</SPAN></FONT><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial">
<o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></BLOCKQUOTE></DIV>
<DIV>
<P class=MsoNormal style="MARGIN-LEFT: 0.5in"><FONT face=Arial color=black
size=2><SPAN
style="FONT-SIZE: 10pt; COLOR: black; FONT-FAMILY: Arial"> <o:p></o:p></SPAN></FONT></P></DIV></DIV></BLOCKQUOTE></BODY></HTML>